Fundamental Techniques Of Electronic Trade.
In this article we will sum up the fundamental techniques used for creation of the enterprises of electronic trade on Web sites.
The digital signature — an electronic equivalent of the personal signature — is used together with enciphering with an open key for the decision of problems of identification. The digital signature serves as the proof of that fact that the user has received the message really from the indicated sender. The digital signature forms by application of hashing function to the message and reception of significance of hash-function. The significance received thus cipher, using the closed key of the sender.
Digital certificates are issued by the special organizations, authorized to issue such certificates (??), and signed by the closed key of the organization, which have issued the certificate. The digital certificate usually includes a name of the sender (the company or the natural person), an open key of the sender, serial number, certificate working life, the reference to the organization, which has issued the certificate, and any other information concerning a theme. Financial centers or certain third organizations usually issue certificates. Digital certificates are in open access and are located in archives of the certificates supported by the organizations, which have issued them.
The protocol of safe connections (SSL) uses technology of enciphering with an open key and technology of digital certificates for identification of the server participating in transaction, and for protection of the information during its transfer from one side to other on the Internet. Transactions SSL do not require identification of the client. After an establishment of safe connection SSL uses the symmetric closed keys (named communication session keys) for transaction continuation.
The protocol of the protected electronic transactions (SET) uses digital certificates for identification of each of the sides, electronic trade participating in transaction, including the buyer, the seller and bank of the seller. For the guaranteed delivery of the information on the Internet it is used enciphering with an open key.
Computing systems with high level access minimize a dead time; systems with constant access bring a system dead time almost to naught. Hardware with use of mechanisms of redundancy, the software, network connections and the data are advancing parameters of computing systems of this kind.
Trading robots and agents give the chance to consumers to organize more effective information search in the Network. Now robots and intellectual agents are often used for comparison of terms of goods sale in shops. In the future the increasing number of the electronic enterprises will use intellectual agents for the organization in Web individual service of the customer, without interference of the person in process of interaction with the customer. Intellectual agents represent robots, which are capable to be trained with the course of time: they remember preferences of the buyer, his usual templates of search made before purchase — all it is directed on improvement of service of the customer in the future.
Popular method of adjustment of the contents of Web pages is so-called cookies or cookie-files. Cookies are the files of the small size sent from a server of electronic commerce on the client’s computer. In files cookies, which place on the computer of the user, is saved the information used later — in the same session of viewing or in the future sessions, Cookies can be used, for example, in the appendix of electronic shop, for identification of the client, storage of his personal information and the information on preferences of the client. In the subsequent communication sessions the seller can investigate files cookies, which he has sent to the client in the previous communication session, to identify the client and his preferences and at once to display the list of the goods, which are interesting for the client.
The standard of the coding of symbols Unicode can be used for coding of symbols of various world languages. Third World countries can communicate rather effectively now with the world (and on the contrary). Character sets for individual industries of production and fields of knowledge also became the standard.
The Internet and successes in electronic trade have made standard methods of the coding of symbols even more important. With growth of processes of internationalization will increase significance Unicode as the universal standard of the coding of symbols.
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And a final piece of advice – today the web technologies give you a truly unique chance to choose exactly what you require at the best terms which are available on the market. Strange, but most of the people don’t use this chance. In real life it means that you should use all the tools of today to get the info that you need.
Search Google and other search engines. Visit social networks and check the accounts that are relevant to your topic. Go to the niche forums and participate in the discussion. All this will help you to create a true vision of this market. Thus, giving you a real chance to make a smart and nicely balanced decision.
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